KUV THO - Cochinchina
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MARCEL BENANOISE1
I. Lub Neej Keeb Kwm Sab
Hauv lub zos: mytho [Mỹ Tho] (Yog72 km, ntawm Saigon [Sài Gòn]). Lub xeev ntawm mytho [Mỹ Tho] nyob ntawm 10 ° 03 thiab 10 ° 35 latitude sab qaum teb, thiab 103 ° 30 thiab 104o38 longitude sab hnub tuaj. Nws tau muab faib ua 6 qhov haujlwm tswj hwm (Anhoa [An Hoà], Caibe [Cái Bè], Cailay [Cai Lậy], Bentranh [Bến Tranh], Chogao [Chợ Gạo] thiab lub nroog loj.), 15 lub khaum hauv 145 lub zos.
Nws yog ciam nyob rau sab qaum teb thiab sab qaum teb-sab qaum teb los ntawm lub xeev ntawm Tanan [Tân An]. Lub ciam teb sab qaum teb yog nyob hauv thaj av ntawm Jones, los ntawm xwb [Sa Đéc] rau lub zos Phumy [Phoo Mỹ] (tub rog ntawm Hungnhon [Hưng Nhơn])). Lawv tau pom nrog tsob ntoo thiab mounds ntawm cov liaj teb uas ib txwm ploj thaum muaj dej nyab. Los ntawm lub zos ntawm Phumy [Phú Mỹ] qhov ciam teb ntawm lub tiaj ntawm Jones tsis muaj dej nyab ntxiv, tab sis nqes mus rau sab qab teb-sab qab teb-sab nrauv, thiab nws tsis tsuas yog los ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb, tab sis los ntawm ntau cov kwj deg ntau dua los yog luv dua. Nyob rau sab hnub tuaj, los ntawm cov xeev Gocong [Gò Công], Cua Tiav [Txoj Kev], Cua Dai [Cửa Đại] thiab Hiav Txwv Sab Hnub Tuaj. Nyob sab qab teb, raws ceg Mekong [Mê Kông], hu ua tus anterior dej, uas cais cov mytho [Mỹ Tho] los ntawm cov xeev ntawm Bentre [Bến Tre] (Covceg ntawm Balai [Ba Lai]), thiab ntawm Vinhlong [Vĩnh Ntev]. Nyob sab qab teb-hnub poob los ntawm lub zos Kuv Tus An Dong [Mỹ An Đông], uas yog ciam teb ntawm lub xeev xwb [Sa Đéc]. Nyob rau sab hnub poob, los ntawm lub xeev ntawm xwb [Sa Đéc]. Cov ciaj ciam nyob rau sab no yog yuav luag tag nrho ntawm thaj av ntawm Jones, tshwj rau feem qis, ntawm tus dej. Lub xeev ntawm mytho [Mỹ Tho] muaj thaj av thaj av ntawm 223.660 hectares.
Ntawm nws qhov ntev tshaj plaws, los ntawm sab qaum teb-rau sab qab teb sab hnub poob, nws yog 115km ntev, thiab 39km, ntawm nws qhov dav dua, txij sab qaum teb txog qab teb. Nws nyob hauv thaj av uas dav kawg ntawm qhov ncauj ntawm lub Mekong [Mê Kông] dej, uas suav nrog thaj loj ntawm Lower Cochin-Tuam Tshoj. Lub caj npab ntawm tus dej uas dej nws hu ua qis dej, uas rov sib cais, hauv thaj chaw ntawm mytho [Mỹ Tho], ua ob ceg loj hu ua cua (rooj vag), uas yog hais: qhov ncauj ntawm tus dej, ib, Cua Dai [Caj Đại] (lub qhov ncauj loj), lwm cua Cuab [Ba Lai] ()lub qhov ncauj ntawm Balai [Ba Lai]). Tus dej yog pom nrog cov Islands tuaj, qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm uas yog, cov kob ntawm Phutuc [Phú Túc], ncua los ntawm sab hnub poob mus txog qab teb sab hnub tuaj txog rau sab hnub tuaj hiav txwv, uas nws cov ntug dej nyob ze li 20km. Lwm cov Islands tuaj ntau hu ua eon (xuab zeb nyiaj), lossis culao (kob), raws li lawv qhov kev nyuam qhuav pib los yog txheej thaum ub. Ib feem ntawm lub xeev ntawm mytho [Mỹ Tho] nyob sab qaum teb ntawm Mekong [Mê Kông] dej muaj kev ntxhov siab loj heev uas tsim los ntawm lub phiab loj ntawm thaj av ntawm Jones. No cov av hav iav loj heev, uas yog nyob ze li ib-tsib ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Lower Cochin-Tuam Tshoj, txuas ntxiv mus rau qhov thib peb zoo ntawm lub xeev ntawm mytho [Mỹ Tho]. Nws suav nrog rau sab qaum teb lub cantons ntawm Phongphu [Phong Phu], Phonghoa [Phong Hoá], Loi Thuan [Txoj Kev], Loitrinh [Lợi Trinh], thiab Hung Nuj [Hưng NHơn]. Lub npe Annamite hauv zos rau lub tiaj ntawm Jones yog Dong Thao Muoi [Thov Pab Txhawb] (tiaj ntawm Thap Muoi [Thov txim]) los ntawm lub npe ntawm lub tuam tsev qub thaum ub nyob hauv thaj chaw Sadec, nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub tiaj ntawm Jones. Lawv kuj hu nws Dhau Bung [Ưt Bưng] (lus rau lo lus: thaj av, hav iav)). Nws yog nws tau ua lub txaj qub ntawm lub Mekong [Mê Kông] dej. Lub qab teb thiab qab teb sab hnub poob ntawm lub xeev mytho [Mỹ Tho], nrog rau cov Islands tuaj nyob rau Mekong [Mê Kông] dej, tsis raug kev txom nyem los ntawm dej nyab, tab sis yog thaj av nplua nuj thiab "giongloj”Thaj av [gi ]ng]. Cov av dhau qhov loj dua ntawm mytho [Mỹ Tho] yog av nplaum (sib cav)). Nyob rau sab qaum teb-sab hnub tuaj thiab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub xeev cov av muaj av xuab zeb, hu ua “giongloj”[Giòng] thiab tshwj xeeb fertile. Dag cheeb tsam ntawm mytho [Mỹ Tho] suav nrog 223.660 hectares. Qhov deb ntawm lub nroog loj rau Bentre [Bến Tre] yog 14km ntawm mytho [Mỹ Tho] rau Tanan [Tân An] 25km. Mytho rau Gocong [Gò Công] 34km, thiab mytho [Mỹ Tho] rau Vinhlong [Vĩnh Ntev] 68km.
Muaj peb qho tseem ceeb nyob ntawm mytho [Mỹ Tho]: 1. Tus hlob, pib nyob hauv qab Minh Muas [Minh Mạng], yog txoj kev lag luam dej Dang Giang [GĐằ Giang] kwj dej nqa mus rau tus dej loj uas muaj los ntawm Ba Beo thiab Ciab [Cái Bè] ntws. Nws txuas tau kev sib txuas lus los ntawm cov khoom ntawm Mekong [Mê Kông] nrog rau sab hnub tuaj Vaico, hla lub tiaj ntawm Jones; 2. Qhov dej txuas txuas ntawm cov thawj zos ntawm mytho [Mỹ Tho] thiab Tanan [Tân An]. Nws yog 28km ntev thiab 80 meters dav, thiab yog siv tas li los ntawm cov nkoj ib txwm thiab cov nkoj me; 3. Cov Chogao [Chợ Gạo] tus kwj dej, lossis Duperre kwj, sib sau ua ke nrog kwj ntawm kahon dej thiab yam li koom nrog Mekong [Mê Kông] dej nrog Vaico ntau dua (poj ntxoog Godong [Gò Đông])). Cov kwj dej no tau khawb rau xyoo 1877, yog 10.500km ntev thiab 30 meters dav. Nws yog cov kwj dej uas nquag siv heev, siv los ntawm cov nkoj ib txwm muaj ntawm cov nkoj ua "Messageries". Thaum kawg cov kwj dej tsis muaj kwj deg, txiav hauv thaj av ntawm Jones, uas yuav ua rau lub tiaj no yog ib qho khoom muaj nqis. Dhau li ntawm cov kev dej no, mytho [Mỹ Tho] muaj txoj kab me me txuas rau ntawm nws Saigon [Sài Gòn], dhau ntawm cov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm Tanan [Tân An] thiab Nyaj Lon [Chợ Lớn]. Tsuas 16km ntawm 71km ntev metalled txoj kev los ntawm mytho [Mỹ Tho] rau Saigon [Sài Gòn] nyob hauv lub tebchaws ntawm mytho [Mỹ Tho]. Nws pib los ntawm tus thawj railway chaw nres tsheb ntawm mytho [Mỹ Tho] thiab hla plaub ntu kev hla: ntawm Trungluong [Tug Luong], Luongphu [Luag Phú], Tanhiep [Tân Hiệp] thiab Tanhuong [Tân Hương]. mytho [Mỹ Tho] kuj tseem muaj 4 txoj kab colonial uas txuas cov neeg nyob sib ze, cov xeev, thiab cov kev sib txuas ntawm cov kab ke kev sib cais, sib txuas cov zos thiab cov tub rog. Plaub txoj hauv kev yog colonial: 1. mytho [Mỹ Tho] rau Tanan [Tân An]; 2 mytho [Mỹ Tho] rau Gocong [Gò Công]; 3 mytho [Mỹ Tho] rau Bentre [Bến Tre]; 4 mytho [Mỹ Tho] rau Vinhlong [Vĩnh Ntev].
II. Kev tswj fwm keeb kwm
Lub xeev ntawm mytho [Mỹ Tho] tau muab faib ua rau rau XNUMX lub hauv paus tswj haujlwm: mytho [Mỹ Tho], Anhoa [Ib Hoà], Bentranh [Bến Tranh], Ciab [Cái IB], Cailay [Cai Lậy] thiab Chogao [Chợ Gạo], 15 tus tub rog thiab 145 lub zos. Cov chaw lag luam tseem ceeb hauv xeev yog: mytho [Mỹ Tho] (Yogzos loj) lub zos ntawm Dieuhoa, Anhoa [Ib Hoà], Ciab [Cái IB], Chogao [Chợ Gào], Cailay [Cai Lậy], Bochi, Phumy [Phú Mỹ], Tanhiep [Tân Hiệp], Chogiua, Tanthach [Txawj Teev], Rachgam [Rach Gầm], Badua, Caithia [Cai Thia], Anhuu [Ib Hữu], Cuav [Cầu Ngan], Caila.
NEEJ NEEG
156 Cov Neeg European, 325.070 Annamites, 11.050 Suav, 56 Isdias Asmesliskas.
III. Yig Theej Yuam
12 / 2019
CEEB TOOM:
1: Marcel Georges Bernanoise (1884-1952) - Tus neeg pleev kob, tau yug los hauv Valenciennes - thaj chaw qaum teb ntawm Fabkis. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub neej thiab haujlwm:
+ 1905-1920: Ua haujlwm nyob rau tebchaws Indochina thiab yog tus saib xyuas haujlwm tshaj tawm txoj haujlwm rau tus thawjcoj ntawm Indochina;
+ Xyoo 1910: Xib Fwb ntawm Far East Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Fabkis;
+ Xyoo 1913: Kawm keeb kwm kev kos duab thiab tshaj tawm ntau cov lus tshaj tawm;
+ Xyoo 1920: Nws rov qab mus rau Fab Kis thiab npaj duab kos duab ua yeeb yam hauv Nancy (1928), Paris (1929) - kos duab toj roob hauv pes txog Lorraine, Pyrenees, Paris, Midi, Villefranche-sur-mer, Saint-Tropez, Ytalia, thiab qee yam khoom plig nco qab. los ntawm Far East;
+ Xyoo 1922: Tshaj tawm cov ntawv sau txog Kev Hniav Zoo Nkauj hauv Tonkin, Indochina;
+ Xyoo 1925: Yeej qhov khoom plig loj ntawm Colonial Exhibition hauv Marseille, thiab koom tes nrog tus kws kes duab vajtse Pavillon de l'Indochine los tsim cov khoom sab hauv;
+ Xyoo 1952: Tuag thaum muaj hnub nyoog 68 thiab tawm ntau daim duab thiab duab thaij;
+ 2017: Nws daim duab ua yeeb yam tau tiav los ntawm nws cov xeeb ntxwv.
ua tim khawv:
"Phau ntawv"LA COCHINCHINE”- Marcel Bernanoise - Hong DucHồng ib] Cov tshaj tawm, Hanoi, 2018.
◊ wikipedia.org
Vietnamese Cov lus Nyab Laj thiab cov lus khav thev yog muab tso nrog sab hauv kab ntawv cim - raug teeb tsa los ntawm Ban Tu Thu.
KOJ NTXIV:
◊ CHOLON - La Cochinchine - Tshooj 1
◊ CHOLON - La Cochinchine - Tshooj 2
◊ SAIGON - La Cochinchine
◊ GIA DINH - La Cochinchine
◊ BIEN HOA - La Cochinchine
◊ THU DAU MOT - La Cochinchine
◊ KUV THO - La Cochinchine
◊ TAN AN - La Cochinchine
◊ COCHINCHINA